A ƙarƙashin kumfa mai jujjuyawar giyar amber akwai wani taska mai daraja da ba a yi la'akari da ita ba. Tun daga ƙarni na 9 AD, masu yin giya na Turai suna amfani da ita a matsayin abin kiyayewa na halitta. A zamanin yau, ta zama abu mai mahimmanci a cikin yin giya tare da ɗaci da ƙamshi na musamman. Wannan nau'in shukar hops ne.
1. Hops: Makamin sihiri don yin giya
Hop (Humulus lupulus), wanda aka fi sani da snake hop, shuka ce mai hawa da dawwama a cikin dangin Cannabaceae kuma tana iya girma zuwa sama da mita 7. Tana da furanni masu yawa na conical, waɗanda ake kira cones a fannin tsirrai kuma sun ƙunshi furanni masu laushi da kore. Idan suka girma, ana rufe cones na hops da glandar anthocyanin waɗanda ke fitar da resin da mai mai mahimmanci, suna samar da dandano da ƙamshi na musamman na nau'in hop. Yawanci ana ɗebo cones na hop a ƙarshen watan Agusta ko Satumba.
Tun zamanin da, ana amfani da hops a matsayin ganyen magani tun zamanin da na Masar. A zamanin Romawa, ana amfani da hops don inganta cututtukan hanta da matsalolin tsarin narkewar abinci. Tun daga ƙarni na 13, ana ɗaukar hops a matsayin magani mai kyau don inganta zazzabi da cututtukan saifa a yankin Larabawa.
Amfani da hops a cikin giya ya samo asali ne tun daga Turai a ƙarni na 9 AD. Da farko, an ƙara su a cikin giya saboda abubuwan kiyaye su don tsawaita lokacin ajiya. A zamanin Tsakiya, masu yin giya a gidajen ibada na Jamus sun gano cewa yana iya daidaita zaƙin malt, yana ba da ɗaci mai daɗi da ƙamshi mai daɗi, don haka ya kafa matsayinsa na asali a cikin yin giya. A yau, kusan kashi 98% na hops da aka noma galibi ana amfani da su ne a masana'antar yin giya, kuma Amurka ita ce babbar mai samar da hops a duniya.
2. Ba wai kawai a cikin yin giya ba, hops yana da ƙarin fa'idodi masu yawa.
Hops, tare da ɗaci da ƙamshi na musamman, sun zama kayan da ba za a iya mantawa da su ba a cikin yin giya. Duk da haka, ƙimarsa ta wuce wannan.
Binciken zamani ya gano cewa hops yana ɗauke da α-acids (musamman humulone) da β-acids (musamman humulone), flavonols (quercetin da kaempferol), flavonoid 3-oils (musamman catechins, epicatechins da proanthocyanidins), phenolic acid (ferulic acid), da kuma ƙaramin adadin isoprene flavonoids (fulvic acid). Daga cikinsu, alpha acid da beta acid sune manyan tushen ɗacin hops.
Maganin kwantar da hankali da barci: Humulone a cikin hops na iya ɗaurewa da masu karɓar GABA, yana rage damuwa da haɓaka barci. GABA a cikin hops na iya ƙara aikin GABA mai ba da labari, ta haka yana hana tsarin jijiyoyi na tsakiya. Wani gwajin samfurin dabbobi ya nuna cewa yawan sinadarin hops mai nauyin milligram 2 zai iya rage ayyukan dare a cikin yanayin circadian. A ƙarshe, tasirin kwantar da hankali na hops yana faruwa ne ta hanyar ingantaccen aikin masu karɓar GABA, waɗanda ke da alhakin saurin watsa synaptic a cikin kwakwalwa. A halin yanzu, mutane galibi suna haɗa hops da valerian don yin shayi mai kwantar da hankali.
Tasirin hana tsufa da kuma hana kumburi: Hops ɗin suna ɗauke da biomolecules masu ƙarfin hana tsufa kamar flavonols, rutin (quercetin-3-rutin glycoside), da astragaloside (kanophenol-3-glucoside), waɗanda zasu iya hana lalacewa daga nau'in iskar oxygen mai amsawa yadda ya kamata. Bugu da ƙari, xanthol a cikin hops zai iya kawar da free radicals, hana hanyar NF-κB, da kuma rage kumburi na yau da kullun (kamar amosanin gabbai).
Maganin ƙwayoyin cuta: Tun zamanin da, ana amfani da hops don adana abinci. Daɗin α-acid da β-acid a cikin hops suna da aikin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta kuma suna iya hana haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban, ciki har da Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus epidermococcus, Streptococcus mutans da ƙwayoyin cuta na Gram-positive. Wannan kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa giya ta fi aminci fiye da ruwan sha a tarihi. Baya ga ba ta da kaddarorin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta, alpha-acid kuma yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye daidaiton kumfa na giya.
Taimakawa lafiyar mata: Hop isoprenylnaringin (wanda aka samo daga fulminol da abubuwan da ya samo asali) na iya rama raguwar matakan 17-β-estradiol yayin daina al'ada. Shirye-shiryen Hop sun ƙunshi 8-isoprenylnaringin, wanda shine ɗaya daga cikin phytoestrogens masu ƙarfi da aka sani a masarautar shuka. Ana iya amfani da shirye-shiryen Hop a matsayin madadin phytoestrogens na halitta a lokacin daina al'ada ga mata don rage walƙiya mai zafi, rashin barci da canjin yanayi. Wani bincike da ya shafi mata 63 ya nuna cewa amfani da shirye-shiryen Hop na iya rage alamun vasomotor da ke da alaƙa da daina al'ada da kuma walƙiya mai zafi.
Kare jijiyoyi: Bincike ya gano cewa hop terpenes na iya shiga shingen jini-kwakwalwa, kare jijiyoyi, samar da kariya daga kumburi ga kwakwalwa, da kuma rage damuwar oxidative. Wani bincike ya gano cewa hop isoalphaic acid na iya haɓaka ƙwaƙwalwar hippocampal da ayyukan fahimi da suka shafi prefrontal cortex ta hanyar kunna watsawar jijiyoyi na dopamine. Acid mai ɗaci a cikin hops na iya haɓaka aikin ƙwaƙwalwa ta hanyar hanyar da norepinephrine neurotransmission ke gudanarwa. Hop isoalphaic acid na iya rage kumburin jijiyoyi da raunin fahimta a cikin nau'ikan cututtukan neurodegenerative daban-daban na beraye, gami da cutar Alzheimer.
3. Amfani da hops
Bayanan Mordor sun nuna cewa an kiyasta girman kasuwar hop ya kai dala biliyan 9.18 a shekarar 2025 kuma ana sa ran zai kai dala biliyan 12.69 nan da shekarar 2030, tare da karuwar kashi 6.70% a duk shekara a lokacin hasashen (2025-2030). Sakamakon karuwar shan giya, yanayin giyar sana'a da kuma ci gaban sabbin nau'ikan hop, ana sa ran kasuwar hop za ta ci gaba da bunkasa.
Lafiya Mai Kyau
Hop a samakapsul mai cin ganyayyakian ƙaddamar da shi. Wannan samfurin yana da tasirin kwantar da hankali kuma yana taimakawa wajen barci.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-24-2025