A karkashin churning kumfa na amber giya ya ta'allaka ne rashin kima shuka taska. Tun farkon karni na 9 AD, masu shayarwa na Turai sun yi amfani da shi azaman abin kiyayewa na halitta. A zamanin yau, ya zama ɗanyen da ba makawa a cikin shayarwar giya tare da ɗaci da ƙamshi na musamman. Irin wannan shuka shine hops.
1. Hops: Makamin sihiri don yin giya
Hop (Humulus lupulus), wanda kuma aka sani da hop maciji, tsire-tsire ne na hawan dutse na dangin Cannabaceae kuma yana iya girma zuwa fiye da mita 7. Yana da inflorescences na conical masu yawa, waɗanda ake kira cones a cikin botanical kuma sun haɗa da taushi, furannin guduro mai haske. Lokacin da ya girma, an rufe cones na hops da glandan anthocyanin wanda ke ɓoye resin da mai mai mahimmanci, yana haifar da dandano na musamman da ƙanshi na hop iri-iri. Yawanci ana tsince mazugi a karshen watan Agusta ko a watan Satumba.
An yi amfani da hops azaman ganye na magani tun zamanin d ¯ a Masar. A zamanin Romawa, ana amfani da hops don inganta cututtukan hanta da rikicewar tsarin narkewa. Tun daga karni na 13, ana daukar hops a matsayin magani mai kyau don inganta zazzabi da cututtuka a yankin Larabawa.
Ana iya gano amfani da hops a cikin giya zuwa Turai a karni na 9 AD. Da farko, an ƙara su a cikin giya saboda abubuwan da suke adanawa don tsawaita rayuwarsu. A lokacin tsakiyar zamanai, masu shayarwa a gidajen zuhudu na Jamus sun gano cewa zai iya daidaita zaƙi na malt, ba da giya da ɗaci mai daɗi da ƙamshi mai daɗi, don haka ya kafa ainihin matsayinsa a cikin shayarwar giya. A yau, kusan kashi 98% na noman hops ana amfani da su ne a masana'antar shan giya, kuma Amurka ita ce mafi girma a duniya da ke samar da hops.
2. Ba wai kawai a cikin shayarwa ba, hops yana da tasiri masu amfani da yawa
Hops, tare da ɗacinsu na musamman da ƙamshi, sun zama albarkatun da ba dole ba a cikin shayarwar giya. Duk da haka, darajarsa ta wuce wannan.
Bincike na zamani ya gano cewa hops sun ƙunshi α-acids (yafi humulone) da β-acids (musamman humulone), flavonols (quercetin da kaempferol), flavonoid 3-mai (mafi yawan catechins, epicatechins da proanthocyanidins), phenolic acid (ferulic acid), da kuma ƙananan adadin acids. Daga cikin su, alpha acid da beta acid sune tushen tushen dacin hops.
Sedation da taimakon barci: Humulone a cikin hops na iya ɗaure ga masu karɓar GABA, yana rage damuwa da inganta barci. GABA a cikin hops na iya ƙara yawan aikin GABA neurotransmitter, don haka ya hana tsarin kulawa na tsakiya. Gwajin samfurin dabba ya nuna cewa 2-milligram maida hankali na hop tsantsa zai iya rage yawan ayyukan dare a cikin rhythm na circadian yadda ya kamata. A ƙarshe, tasirin kwantar da hankali na hops yana yin sulhu ta hanyar ingantaccen aikin masu karɓar GABA, waɗanda ke da alhakin saurin inhibitory synaptic watsawa a cikin kwakwalwa. A halin yanzu, mutane sukan hada hops da valerian don yin shayi mai kwantar da hankali.
Antioxidant da anti-mai kumburi effects: Hops dauke da biomolecules tare da high antioxidant m kamar flavonols, rutin (quercetin-3-rutin glycoside), da astragaloside (kanophenol-3-glucoside), wanda zai iya yadda ya kamata hana lalacewa daga reactive oxygen jinsunan. Bugu da ƙari, xanthol a cikin hops zai iya kawar da radicals kyauta, hana hanyar NF-κB, da kuma rage kumburi na kullum (irin su arthritis).
Antibacterial: Tun zamanin d Misira, ana amfani da hops don adana abinci. α-acid da β-acid mai ɗaci a cikin hops suna da aikin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta kuma suna iya hana haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban, ciki har da Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus epidermococcus, Streptococcus mutans da ƙwayoyin cuta na Gram. Wannan kuma yana daya daga cikin dalilan da suka sa giyar a tarihi ta kasance mafi aminci fiye da ruwan sha. Bugu da ƙari, ba shi da magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta, alpha-acid yana taimakawa wajen tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na giya.
Taimakawa lafiyar mata: Hop isoprenylnaringin (wanda aka samo daga fulminol da abubuwan da suka samo asali) na iya ramawa ga raguwar matakan 17-β-estradiol yayin menopause. Shirye-shiryen Hop sun ƙunshi 8-isoprenylnaringin, wanda shine ɗayan phytoestrogens masu ƙarfi da aka sani a cikin masarautar shuka. Ana iya amfani da shirye-shiryen Hop azaman madadin halitta don phytoestrogens a lokacin menopause a cikin mata don kawar da walƙiya mai zafi, rashin bacci da yanayin yanayi. Wani bincike da ya shafi mata 63 ya nuna cewa yin amfani da shirye-shiryen hop na iya rage alamun vasomotor da ke da alaƙa da menopause da walƙiya mai zafi.
Kare jijiyoyi: Bincike ya gano cewa hop terpenes na iya shiga shingen jini-kwakwalwa, kare jijiyoyi, ba da kariya mai kumburi ga kwakwalwa, da kuma rage yawan damuwa. Wani binciken ya gano cewa hop isoalphaic acid na iya haɓaka ƙwaƙwalwar dogaro da hippocampal da prefrontal cortex masu alaƙa da ayyukan fahimi ta hanyar kunna watsawar jijiya ta dopamine. Acid mai ɗaci a cikin hops na iya haɓaka aikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ta hanyar hanyar da ke shiga tsakani ta hanyar norepinephrine neurotransmission. Hop isoalphaic acid na iya rage neuroinflammation da rashin fahimta a cikin nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na rodent, gami da cutar Alzheimer.
3. Aikace-aikacen hops
Bayanai na Mordor sun nuna cewa an kiyasta girman kasuwar hop dalar Amurka biliyan 9.18 a cikin 2025 kuma ana sa ran ya kai dalar Amurka biliyan 12.69 nan da shekarar 2030, tare da adadin karuwar shekara-shekara na 6.70% a lokacin hasashen (2025-2030). Sakamakon ci gaban shan giya, yanayin giya na fasaha da haɓaka sabbin nau'ikan hop, ana sa ran kasuwar hop za ta ci gaba da girma.
Kawai lafiya
An ƙaddamar da capsule mai cin ganyayyaki hop. Wannan samfurin yana da tasirin kwantar da hankali kuma yana taimakawa tare da barci.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-24-2025